Rules of thumb are often required to estimate hydrocarbon emissions from produced water storage tanks due to a lack of sampling or inadequacies of sample analysis—the “1% rule” being the most common.
Rules of thumb are often required to estimate hydrocarbon emissions from produced water storage tanks due to a lack of sampling or inadequacies of sample analysis—the “1% rule” being the most common. The premise behind the 1% rule is that entrainment from upstream separation introduces hydrocarbon liquids into the produced water tank. This entrained material forms a layer of hydrocarbons that float on top of the water in the tank and should be expected to increase total emissions. As it is difficult to measure the entrained oil content in the water fed to the tank, there is uncertainty in how much of this entrained oil is lost to emissions. Therefore, the 1% rule is applied as an estimate.
Log in to view this article.
Not Yet A Subscriber? Here are Your Options.
1) Start a FREE TRIAL SUBSCRIPTION and gain access to all articles in the current issue of Hydrocarbon Processing magazine.
2) SUBSCRIBE to Hydrocarbon Processing magazine in print or digital format and gain ACCESS to the current issue as well as to 3 articles from the HP archives per month. $409 for an annual subscription*.
3) Start a FULL ACCESS PLAN SUBSCRIPTION and regain ACCESS to this article, the current issue, all past issues in the HP Archive, the HP Process Handbooks, HP Market Data, and more. $1,995 for an annual subscription. For information about group rates or multi-year terms, contact email Peter Ramsay or call +44 20 3409 2240*.
*Access will be granted the next business day.