Operations in the oil and gas, petrochemical and refining industries pose a higher risk when failures occur in identifying ongoing damage mechanisms within static equipment.
Internal inspections of pressure equipment involve a full inspection of the equipment. Inspection engineers and inspectors depend heavily on internal inspections to retrieve useful data, which includes information on active degradation mechanisms, corrosion rates, remaining equipment life, failure occurrences and failure expectations, among other critical details.
Guyed structures are common in petrochemicals, oil and gas and chemical industries. Half of the installed flare structures at many facilities are guyed. Various routine inspection programs are in place to examine these structures. This work describes some very basic checks, which should be in place to maintain their mechanical integrity.
Numerous plants around the world operate with hazardous oil and gas, petrochemicals and refining fluids that have surpassed their design life.
Innovations continue to evolve at a steady pace.
Welding is an ocean of substance, a technique without which the joining of metals is impossible.