December 2020

Process Optimization

Driving higher return with fuel-grade butanol at the refinery

Since the advent of the combustion engine, gasoline and automobile manufacturers have utilized additives as a means of improving overall fuel characteristics.

Since the advent of the combustion engine, gasoline and automobile manufacturers have utilized additives as a means of improving overall fuel characteristics. Initial efforts focused on improving the fuel’s octane rating, lowering the propensity for engine knocking. Tetraethyl lead (TEL) proved to be an inexpensive additive capable of meeting this objective, and it remained prevalent in the U.S. until the 1970s, when concerns over lead toxicity resulted in the gradual shift to unleaded fuels. With TEL no longer a viable option as a fuel additive, the industry began widely utilizing oxygenates to improve octane rating and fuel performance. The term “oxygenate” refers to a chemical compound t

Log in to view this article.

Not Yet A Subscriber? Here are Your Options.

1) Start a FREE TRIAL SUBSCRIPTION and gain access to all articles in the current issue of Hydrocarbon Processing magazine.

2) SUBSCRIBE to Hydrocarbon Processing magazine in print or digital format and gain ACCESS to the current issue as well as to 3 articles from the HP archives per month. $409 for an annual subscription*.

3) Start a FULL ACCESS PLAN SUBSCRIPTION and regain ACCESS to this article, the current issue, all past issues in the HP Archive, the HP Process Handbooks, HP Market Data, and more. $1,995 for an annual subscription.  For information about group rates or multi-year terms, contact email Peter Ramsay or call +44 20 3409 2240*.

*Access will be granted the next business day.

Related Articles

From the Archive

Comments

Comments

{{ error }}
{{ comment.comment.Name }} • {{ comment.timeAgo }}
{{ comment.comment.Text }}