Many plants with highly decentralized operating units often useseveral closed-loop cooling systems to serve process systems.Traditionally, the utilities department may also haveresponsibility for smal..
Many plants with highly decentralized operating units often use
several closed-loop cooling systems to serve process systems.
Traditionally, the utilities department may also have
responsibility for small- and medium-sized comfort systems with
closed-loop chilled water that serve office facilities.
System description. The most important assessment for a
closed-loop system is determining if the system is truly closed.
Units that annually leak greater than 5% of the system volume
should be treated as open systems. High makeup rates will introduce
dissolved oxygen and microbiological organisms that can compromise
the corrosion- and deposition-control program and system
reliabili
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