February 2015

Special Report: Clean Fuels

Hydrogen perspectives for 21st century refineries—Part 2

H2 is the lifeblood of 21st century refineries. The application of various technological advancements and core developments has been raising the bar in the design, build, operations and maintenance of H2 facilities.

Patel, N., Farnand, S., Li, J., Peng, X. D., Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.; Ratan, S., Technip Stone & Webster Process Technology

In Part 1, the discussion focused on improving the cost-effectiveness, or unit cost of hydrogen (H2), along with improved reliability of refinery H2 supply through advanced H2 network management, enhanced energy efficiency and revamping existing H2 plants. In Part 2, other major issues will be explored including wide steam methane reformer (SMR) feedstock flexibility and composition variability, integrating H2, steam, and power production, while lowering the total carbon footprint, and achieving carbon dioxide (CO2 ) capture from SMRs, and managing problems of water quality and availability. FEEDSTOCK USAGE FLEXIBILITY AND COMPOSITION VARIABILITY Modern-day H2 plants are designed with impr

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