Laminar and turbulent jet theories provide strong support when addressing cold venting situations
Gas and vapor venting to the atmosphere from tanks and equipment may provoke hamful effects due to the flammable, toxic and corrosive properties of the released substances. Venting lines are generally connected to flaring or treatment systems, where they are burned or processed with the aim of preventing harm to personnel and the environment. Nevertheless, cold vents may not always be avoided, and, when they are feasible and environmentally acceptable, they offer significant advantages over alternative methods.
Cold venting is frequent in both onshore and offshore installations, despite efforts made in the design phase to prevent or properly manage the emissions. In these cases, applicable
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