Zero liquid discharge: A stepping stone to water sustainability—Part 1
Among the available technologies of wastewater treatment to recover reusable water, zero-liquid discharge (ZLD) has become the most frequently used term in oil and gas refineries and petrochemical plants. It has been effectively used in the treatment of brine to maximize the recovery of freshwater or recycled water and to recover salt and other chemicals that are used in other industries.
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The Authors
Kumar, S. - Fluor, New Delhi, India
Sandeep Kumar is a Senior Mechanical Design Engineer at Fluor India with more than 20 yr of industry experience. In addition to being the Fluor Global Subject Matter Expert (SME) for water and wastewater treatment, he is also India office lead of Fluor Global Water Technology Group.
Kumar has experience working on pre-front-end engineering design (FEED), FEED, detailed engineering and construction support for refineries, chemical, petrochemical, oil and gas, and infrastructure projects. His core strength is in the detailed design and engineering of mechanical utility and process packages, including water and wastewater treatment packages, ZLD plants, sludge incineration plants, condensate polishing and DM packages, PSA nitrogen/hydrogen packages, HVAC and process refrigeration, etc. He has worked on large-scale, schedule-driven industrial wastewater treatment plants in recent years, including a ZLD plant in the Middle East region.
Ekmekci, B. - Fluor, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Burcu Ekmekci is a Fluor Fellow in Water and Wastewater Treatment and leads Fluor’s Global Water Technology Group, which comprises more than 10 SMEs and more than 50 members distributed over 10 offices globally.
Ekmekci has more than 20 yr of experience in the design and operation of industrial water and wastewater treatment systems. Over the years, she has led several projects ranging from feasibility studies to commissioning and troubleshooting of treatment plants for various industries. Since 2020, she has served as Vice Chairwoman of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AiCHE) for the Netherlands/Belgium section.
Ranwe, A. - Fluor, New Delhi, India
Anshul Ranwe is a process engineer with 2 yr of industry experience and has worked for Fluor since the beginning of his industrial career. From the start, he has been an integral part of Fluor’s energy transition team, working on biomass gasification, green ammonia, and pink hydrogen projects (which involved ultra-pure water generation). Ranwe now works on liquefied natural gas (LNG) projects. He has a keen interest in water and wastewater treatment and is a member of the Fluor Global Water Technology Group.
Sonia G. S. - Fluor, New Delhi, India
Sonia G S is a process engineer working for Fluor India. She has worked on various renewables energy projects that have involved pre-treatment, RO and wastewater treatment. She has a keen interest in water and wastewater treatment and is a member of the Fluor Global Water Technology Group.
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